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      <title>Wage and Hour Law Blog</title>
      <link>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/</link>
      <description />
      <language>en</language>
      <copyright>Copyright 2011</copyright>
      <lastBuildDate>Tue, 27 Sep 2011 20:14:05 -0500</lastBuildDate>
      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Sep 2011 20:14:05 -0500</pubDate>
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            <feedburner:info uri="wageandhourlawblog" /><atom10:link xmlns:atom10="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" rel="hub" href="http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/" /><atom10:link xmlns:atom10="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/index.xml" /><feedburner:feedFlare href="http://add.my.yahoo.com/rss?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwageandhour.yezbaklaw.com%2Findex.xml" src="http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/us/my/addtomyyahoo4.gif">Subscribe with My Yahoo!</feedburner:feedFlare><feedburner:feedFlare href="http://www.newsgator.com/ngs/subscriber/subext.aspx?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwageandhour.yezbaklaw.com%2Findex.xml" src="http://www.newsgator.com/images/ngsub1.gif">Subscribe with NewsGator</feedburner:feedFlare><feedburner:feedFlare href="http://feeds.my.aol.com/add.jsp?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwageandhour.yezbaklaw.com%2Findex.xml" src="http://o.aolcdn.com/favorites.my.aol.com/webmaster/ffclient/webroot/locale/en-US/images/myAOLButtonSmall.gif">Subscribe with My AOL</feedburner:feedFlare><feedburner:feedFlare href="http://www.bloglines.com/sub/http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/index.xml" src="http://www.bloglines.com/images/sub_modern11.gif">Subscribe with Bloglines</feedburner:feedFlare><feedburner:feedFlare href="http://www.netvibes.com/subscribe.php?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwageandhour.yezbaklaw.com%2Findex.xml" src="http://www.netvibes.com/img/add2netvibes.gif">Subscribe with Netvibes</feedburner:feedFlare><feedburner:feedFlare href="http://fusion.google.com/add?feedurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwageandhour.yezbaklaw.com%2Findex.xml" src="http://buttons.googlesyndication.com/fusion/add.gif">Subscribe with Google</feedburner:feedFlare><feedburner:feedFlare href="http://www.pageflakes.com/subscribe.aspx?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwageandhour.yezbaklaw.com%2Findex.xml" src="http://www.pageflakes.com/ImageFile.ashx?instanceId=Static_4&amp;fileName=ATP_blu_91x17.gif">Subscribe with Pageflakes</feedburner:feedFlare><item>
         <title>Jury Awards $2 Million Verdict to Meat Processing Facility Employees</title>
         <description>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Yesterday (9/26/2011), a jury &lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/uploads/file/Tyson verdict form.pdf"&gt;awarded&lt;/a&gt; workers from multiple Tyson Foods, Inc. (&amp;ldquo;Tyson&amp;rdquo;) meat processing facilities a $2,892,378.70 verdict for uncompensated work performed before and after their shifts.&lt;span style="mso-spacerun:yes"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The Plaintiffs consisted of production and support employees from the Denison, IA and Storm Lake, IA facilities.&lt;span style="mso-spacerun:yes"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The trial took place in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Iowa.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="mso-tab-count:1"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Plaintiffs &lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/uploads/file/Tyson Complaint.pdf"&gt;claimed&lt;/a&gt; that the donning and doffing of hard hats, work boots, hair nets, frocks, aprons, gloves, whites, and ear plugs before or after work constituted compensable &amp;ldquo;work&amp;rdquo; as defined by the Fair Labor Standards Act (&amp;ldquo;FLSA&amp;rdquo;).&lt;span style="mso-spacerun:yes"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Tyson argued that these were merely &amp;ldquo;preliminary&amp;rdquo; and &amp;ldquo;postliminary&amp;rdquo; activities, for which it did not have to compensate employees.&lt;span style="mso-spacerun:yes"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="mso-tab-count:1"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The jury agreed with the Plaintiffs, and found that the preliminary and postliminary activities were compensable work under the FLSA, and, therefore, Tyson had failed to properly compensate these employees for that work.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/U2fbHkCaIWg" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/U2fbHkCaIWg/</link>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2011/09/articles/meat-and-poultry-workers/jury-awards-2-million-verdict-to-meat-processing-facility-employees/</guid>
         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Act</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">FLSA</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Fair</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Foods</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Labor</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Meat and Poultry Workers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Standards</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Tyson</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">doffing</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">donning</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">meat</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">overtime</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">processing</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">uncompensated</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">verdict</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">work</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">worker</category>
         <pubDate>Tue, 27 Sep 2011 20:03:33 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>J.C. Solomon</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2011/09/articles/meat-and-poultry-workers/jury-awards-2-million-verdict-to-meat-processing-facility-employees/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>Nebraska Meat Processing Plant Employees Receive Settlement from Meat Company</title>
         <description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="line-height: 115%; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;,&amp;quot;serif&amp;quot;; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;"&gt;On July 19th, a settlement between Cargill Meat Solutions Corp. and a number of employees from its Schuyler, Neb., beef processing plant was approved by Judge Richard G. Kopf of the U.S. District Court for the District of Nebraska.&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The plant employees claimed in their complaint that Cargill had violated overtime and minimum wage requirements set by the Fair Labor Standards Act (&amp;ldquo;FLSA&amp;rdquo;), the Nebraska Wage and Hour Act (&amp;ldquo;NWHA&amp;rdquo;), and the Nebraska Wage Payment and Collection Act (&amp;ldquo;NWPCA&amp;rdquo;).&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Specifically, the employees claimed that they were not paid for required activities performed before shifts, after shifts, and during meal breaks, such as: obtaining tools, equipment and supplies necessary for the performance of their jobs; donning, doffing, and sanitizing various equipment and protective gear; sharpening knives or using &amp;ldquo;steels&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;mousetraps;&amp;rdquo; sanitizing knives; and walking between work sites before the first work activity and after the last work activity of the day.&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The performance of these activities led to the plant employees working substantial amounts of time &amp;ldquo;off-the-clock&amp;rdquo; and without pay.&lt;span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;According to the settlement agreement, the plant employees required to wear the most amount of protective equipment will receive $6.00 per week for a specific period of time already worked, while other employees will receive $4.00 per week. The approved settlement will help to compensate these employees for their previously uncompensated work time.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/Ot8D2pxJZQg" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/Ot8D2pxJZQg/</link>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2011/08/articles/meat-and-poultry-workers/nebraska-meat-processing-plant-employees-receive-settlement-from-meat-company/</guid>
         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Cargill</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Cargill Meat Company</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Meat and Poultry Workers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">antonio</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">company</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">guzman</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">juan</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">martinez</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">meat</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">plant</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">processing</category>
         <pubDate>Mon, 08 Aug 2011 17:22:46 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>Cam Caldwell</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2011/08/articles/meat-and-poultry-workers/nebraska-meat-processing-plant-employees-receive-settlement-from-meat-company/</feedburner:origLink></item>
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         <title>UPS may be Forced to Deliver Overtime Pay to Drivers</title>
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&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Ernesto Carrera and Christopher Stephenson, sued &lt;a href="http://www.ups-scs.com/"&gt;UPS Supply Chain Solutions, Inc&lt;/a&gt;. (&amp;ldquo;SCS&amp;rdquo;), a subsidiary and sister company of UPS, for &lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/uploads/file/Carrera v_ UPS - Complaint.pdf"&gt;minimum wage and overtime violations&lt;/a&gt; under the Fair Labor Standards Act.&lt;span style=""&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;SCS is self-described as a logistics company that manages other companies&amp;rsquo; supply chains, and as part of that, operates hundreds of distribution centers throughout the U.S. and around the world.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The drivers worked in Fort Lauderdale and Miami as delivery drivers for SCS.&lt;span style=""&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Delivery assignments were made by SCS from a list of drivers in the area.&lt;span style=""&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;When the driver&amp;rsquo;s name reached the top of the list they were offered the job, which they could refuse or accept.&lt;span style=""&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Drivers usually accepted the jobs, because if they declined, their name went to the bottom of the list.&lt;span style=""&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; SCS classified the workers as &amp;ldquo;independent contractors&amp;rdquo; under a non-negotiable piece rate method of payment where drivers were paid either a lump sum within a specified area or a flat rate per mile outside the area.&lt;span style=""&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Drivers were not paid for the time they spent waiting for assignments despite claims that they were required to wait around the warehouse and were prevented from being able to pursue work at other locations during the waiting time. The drivers claimed they were paid below the minimum wage and were denied overtime pay.&lt;span style=""&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;SCS contends that drivers are independent contractors, and as such, are not owed minimum wage and overtime premiums.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; The U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida allowed the case to &lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/uploads/file/Carrera v_ UPS(1).pdf"&gt;proceed as a collective action&lt;/a&gt;, fi&lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/uploads/file/Carrera v_ UPS.pdf"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;nding that a class of similarly situated drivers existed and that such class members may join the lawsuit.&lt;span style=""&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/gps7DmEdEnY" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/gps7DmEdEnY/</link>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2011/04/articles/overtime-violations/ups-may-be-forced-to-deliver-overtime-pay-to-drivers/</guid>
         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Carrera v. UPS-SCS, Inc.</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Minimum Wage</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Overtime Violations</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">UPS</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">back pay</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">delivery drivers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">independent contractor</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">overtime</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">overtime premium</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">warehouse workers</category>
         <pubDate>Mon, 04 Apr 2011 17:09:32 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>J.C. Solomon</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2011/04/articles/overtime-violations/ups-may-be-forced-to-deliver-overtime-pay-to-drivers/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>Supreme Court Grants Greater Protection against Retaliation for FLSA Complaints</title>
         <description>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style="font-size: larger"&gt; The Supreme Court of the United States &lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/uploads/file/sup ct anti-retaliation decision.pdf"&gt;issued a decision today&lt;/a&gt; that has provided workers with added protection from employers retaliating against employees who complain about violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act (&amp;ldquo;FLSA&amp;rdquo;). &amp;nbsp;The FLSA is the federal statute that establishes employment rules and regulations (i.e. minimum wage, overtime pay, etc.).&amp;nbsp;The statute also has an anti-retaliation provision that prohibits an employer from terminating or discriminating against an employee that has &amp;ldquo;filed any complaint&amp;rdquo; alleging violations of the FLSA, testified or is going to testify, or served on an industry committee.&amp;nbsp;In the suit of &lt;i&gt;Kasten v. Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corp.&lt;/i&gt;, Kasten alleged that Saint-Gobain violated this FLSA provision by terminating him for verbally complaining to company officials about not being compensated for time spent donning and doffing mandatory protective gear and walking to work areas between the timeclocks and the changing rooms.&amp;nbsp;Before being granted certiorari by the Supreme Court, the Western District Court of Wisconsin first ruled that Saint-Gobain had violated the FLSA by failing to compensate its employees for time spent donning and doffing protective gear, but ruled unfavorably as to Kasten&amp;rsquo;s retaliation claim.&amp;nbsp;The District Court concluded that only written complaints were covered under the FLSA&amp;rsquo;s anti-retaliation provision.&amp;nbsp;On appeal, the Seventh Circuit also agreed with the District Court&amp;rsquo;s interpretation of the FLSA.&amp;nbsp;However, upon review of the suit, the Supreme Court clarified that the FLSA anti-retaliation provision encompassed both written &lt;i&gt;and&lt;/i&gt; oral complaints.&amp;nbsp;The Supreme Court explained that, among other things, limiting the definition of &amp;ldquo;filing a complaint&amp;rdquo; to only written complaints completely undermines the purpose of the anti-retaliation provision, which is to forbid &amp;ldquo;labor conditions detrimental to the maintenance of the minimum standard of living necessary for health, efficiency, and general well-being of workers,&amp;rdquo; &lt;a href="http://uscode.house.gov/download/pls/29C8.txt"&gt;29 U.S.C. &amp;sect;202(a).&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: larger"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; This decision is a huge win for all FLSA covered employees and is another step in the right direction toward ensuring a better and more equal workplace.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/0XmwSsfzMog" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/0XmwSsfzMog/</link>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2011/03/articles/supreme-court-grants-greater-protection-against-retaliation-for-flsa-complaints/</guid>
         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/">Articles</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">FLSA</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Fair Labor Standards Act</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Kasten</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Kasten v. Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corp.</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Saint-Gobain</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">anti-retaliation</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">anti-retaliation provision</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">oral complaints</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">retaliation</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">written complaints</category>
         <pubDate>Tue, 22 Mar 2011 16:55:05 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>Cam Caldwell</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2011/03/articles/supreme-court-grants-greater-protection-against-retaliation-for-flsa-complaints/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>Tyson Foods Workers Awarded Jury Verdict in FLSA Lawsuit</title>
         <description>&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style="font-size: larger"&gt; A jury in the U.S. District Court for the District of Kansas &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/uploads/file/Tyson verdict.pdf"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: larger"&gt;awarded over $500,000 to a class of meatpacking plant employees on Thursday (3/17/11).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: larger"&gt;The collective action lawsuit sought to recover earned wages and overtime pay for workers at a Tyson Foods, Inc. meat processing facility located in Finney County, Kansas.&amp;nbsp;The workers alleged that they performed several duties throughout their shifts for which they were not paid, such as changing into the required protective work uniforms and safety equipment (work pants and shirts, hard hats, safety boots, hair nets, etc.), and substantial walks to and from the changing area, work areas, and break areas.&amp;nbsp;In awarding a verdict in favor of the plaintiffs, the jury found that Tyson Foods, Inc. violated both the Fair Labor Standards Act (&amp;ldquo;FLSA&amp;rdquo;) and the Kansas Wage Payment Act (&amp;ldquo;KWPA) by failing to compensate their Finney County employees for all hours worked.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: larger"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; Owners of these types of facilities have historically been the subjects of litigation under the FLSA and state wage acts when they engage in miserly pay practices, such as trying to save money by not compensating employees for time spent donning and doffing protective gear and the subsequent walks to their workstations.&amp;nbsp;Generally, if an employee performs a task that is primarily for the benefit of the employer, then the employee must be compensated for that time.&amp;nbsp;Also, under the &amp;ldquo;continuous workday rule&amp;rdquo;, once an employee has engaged in such a principal activity, the employee&amp;rsquo;s workday has begun.&amp;nbsp;Therefore, if the donning and doffing of protective gear is substantial enough and considered a principal activity primarily for the benefit of the employer, the workday has begun and the employee&amp;rsquo;s subsequent walk to their workstation should be considered compensable work time.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/kAtqx3WK0pY" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/kAtqx3WK0pY/</link>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2011/03/articles/meat-and-poultry-workers/tyson-foods-workers-awarded-jury-verdict-in-flsa-lawsuit/</guid>
         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Adelina Garcia</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">FLSA</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Fair Labor Standards Act</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Garcia v. Tyson Foods</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">KWPA</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Kansas Wage Protection Act</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Meat Processing Industry</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Meat and Poultry Workers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Tyson Foods</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">class action</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">collective action</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">continuous workday rule</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">doffing</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">donning</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">donning and doffing</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">jury verdict</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">meat processing</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">verdict</category>
         <pubDate>Fri, 18 Mar 2011 13:39:16 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>Cam Caldwell</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2011/03/articles/meat-and-poultry-workers/tyson-foods-workers-awarded-jury-verdict-in-flsa-lawsuit/</feedburner:origLink></item>
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&lt;p class="MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span style=""&gt;The U.S. District Court for the District of Minnesota allowed workers who install and maintain &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.directv.com/DTVAPP/index.jsp"&gt;&lt;span style=""&gt;DirecTV&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=""&gt; satellite systems to proceed as a class.&lt;span style=""&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The lawsuit for unpaid wages under the Fair Labor Standards Act was brought by Carlton Edwards and others against &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.multibandusa.com/home/"&gt;&lt;span style=""&gt;Multiband Corporation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=""&gt;, one of DirecTV&amp;rsquo;s largest full-service home service providers (HSP&amp;rsquo;s). Multiband is responsible for 20% of the installation and maintenance of DirecTV&amp;rsquo;s satellite equipment for single-family homes throughout the nation, operating in 16 states. It claimed that the workers were really employees or independent contractors of other companies with whom Multiband subcontracted.&lt;span style=""&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;The court found that Multiband directly controlled the work done by the technicians, including requiring them to start a job at a certain time, clock-in with a Multiband dispatcher, perform the job within a certain time frame, pass inspections by Multiband for the work done, and attend Multiband classes to stay current with Multiband policies and procedures.&lt;span style=""&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Other &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.yezbaklaw.com/bruister.html"&gt;&lt;span style=""&gt;DirecTV HSP&amp;rsquo;s have been sued&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style=""&gt; for similar pay practices.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/9dX755dvf5c" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/9dX755dvf5c/</link>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2011/02/articles/cable-and-satellite-installers/class-action-for-directv-installers-proceeds/</guid>
         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Cable and Satellite Installers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Overtime Violations</category>
         <pubDate>Thu, 10 Feb 2011 08:45:41 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>J.C. Solomon</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2011/02/articles/cable-and-satellite-installers/class-action-for-directv-installers-proceeds/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>Baluchi's Indian Food to Pay $1 Million to Workers</title>
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&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading" /&gt;
&lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt;
&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt;
&lt;style&gt;
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
&lt;/style&gt;
&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
&lt;w:WordDocument&gt;
&lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;
&lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;
&lt;w:TrackMoves /&gt;
&lt;w:TrackFormatting /&gt;
&lt;w:PunctuationKerning /&gt;
&lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /&gt;
&lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;
&lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;
&lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;
&lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF /&gt;
&lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;EN-US&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;
&lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;
&lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;
&lt;w:Compatibility&gt;
&lt;w:BreakWrappedTables /&gt;
&lt;w:SnapToGridInCell /&gt;
&lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct /&gt;
&lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules /&gt;
&lt;w:DontGrowAutofit /&gt;
&lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /&gt;
&lt;w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /&gt;
&lt;w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /&gt;
&lt;w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /&gt;
&lt;w:Word11KerningPairs /&gt;
&lt;w:CachedColBalance /&gt;
&lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;
&lt;m:mathPr&gt;
&lt;m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math" /&gt;
&lt;m:brkBin m:val="before" /&gt;
&lt;m:brkBinSub m:val="&amp;#45;-" /&gt;
&lt;m:smallFrac m:val="off" /&gt;
&lt;m:dispDef /&gt;
&lt;m:lMargin m:val="0" /&gt;
&lt;m:rMargin m:val="0" /&gt;
&lt;m:defJc m:val="centerGroup" /&gt;
&lt;m:wrapIndent m:val="1440" /&gt;
&lt;m:intLim m:val="subSup" /&gt;
&lt;m:naryLim m:val="undOvr" /&gt;
&lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt;
&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
&lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267"&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading" /&gt;
&lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt;
&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt;
&lt;style&gt;
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
&lt;/style&gt;
&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
&lt;w:WordDocument&gt;
&lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;
&lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;
&lt;w:TrackMoves /&gt;
&lt;w:TrackFormatting /&gt;
&lt;w:PunctuationKerning /&gt;
&lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /&gt;
&lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;
&lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;
&lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;
&lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF /&gt;
&lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;EN-US&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;
&lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;
&lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;
&lt;w:Compatibility&gt;
&lt;w:BreakWrappedTables /&gt;
&lt;w:SnapToGridInCell /&gt;
&lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct /&gt;
&lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules /&gt;
&lt;w:DontGrowAutofit /&gt;
&lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /&gt;
&lt;w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /&gt;
&lt;w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /&gt;
&lt;w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /&gt;
&lt;w:Word11KerningPairs /&gt;
&lt;w:CachedColBalance /&gt;
&lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;
&lt;m:mathPr&gt;
&lt;m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math" /&gt;
&lt;m:brkBin m:val="before" /&gt;
&lt;m:brkBinSub m:val="&amp;#45;-" /&gt;
&lt;m:smallFrac m:val="off" /&gt;
&lt;m:dispDef /&gt;
&lt;m:lMargin m:val="0" /&gt;
&lt;m:rMargin m:val="0" /&gt;
&lt;m:defJc m:val="centerGroup" /&gt;
&lt;m:wrapIndent m:val="1440" /&gt;
&lt;m:intLim m:val="subSup" /&gt;
&lt;m:naryLim m:val="undOvr" /&gt;
&lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt;
&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
&lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267"&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading" /&gt;
&lt;/w:LatentStyles&gt;
&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 10]&gt;
&lt;style&gt;
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-qformat:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
&lt;/style&gt;
&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
&lt;w:WordDocument&gt;
&lt;w:View&gt;Normal&lt;/w:View&gt;
&lt;w:Zoom&gt;0&lt;/w:Zoom&gt;
&lt;w:TrackMoves /&gt;
&lt;w:TrackFormatting /&gt;
&lt;w:PunctuationKerning /&gt;
&lt;w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /&gt;
&lt;w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;false&lt;/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid&gt;
&lt;w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;false&lt;/w:IgnoreMixedContent&gt;
&lt;w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;false&lt;/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText&gt;
&lt;w:DoNotPromoteQF /&gt;
&lt;w:LidThemeOther&gt;EN-US&lt;/w:LidThemeOther&gt;
&lt;w:LidThemeAsian&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeAsian&gt;
&lt;w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;X-NONE&lt;/w:LidThemeComplexScript&gt;
&lt;w:Compatibility&gt;
&lt;w:BreakWrappedTables /&gt;
&lt;w:SnapToGridInCell /&gt;
&lt;w:WrapTextWithPunct /&gt;
&lt;w:UseAsianBreakRules /&gt;
&lt;w:DontGrowAutofit /&gt;
&lt;w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark /&gt;
&lt;w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp /&gt;
&lt;w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables /&gt;
&lt;w:DontVertAlignInTxbx /&gt;
&lt;w:Word11KerningPairs /&gt;
&lt;w:CachedColBalance /&gt;
&lt;/w:Compatibility&gt;
&lt;m:mathPr&gt;
&lt;m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math" /&gt;
&lt;m:brkBin m:val="before" /&gt;
&lt;m:brkBinSub m:val="&amp;#45;-" /&gt;
&lt;m:smallFrac m:val="off" /&gt;
&lt;m:dispDef /&gt;
&lt;m:lMargin m:val="0" /&gt;
&lt;m:rMargin m:val="0" /&gt;
&lt;m:defJc m:val="centerGroup" /&gt;
&lt;m:wrapIndent m:val="1440" /&gt;
&lt;m:intLim m:val="subSup" /&gt;
&lt;m:naryLim m:val="undOvr" /&gt;
&lt;/m:mathPr&gt;&lt;/w:WordDocument&gt;
&lt;/xml&gt;&lt;![endif]--&gt;&lt;!--[if gte mso 9]&gt;&lt;xml&gt;
&lt;w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267"&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2" /&gt;
&lt;w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
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&lt;p&gt;Restaurant workers at a New York City restaurant chain, &lt;a href="http://www.baluchis.com/"&gt;Baluchi&amp;rsquo;s Indian Food&lt;/a&gt;, and its owner, Rakesh Aggarwal, will finally get paid.&lt;span style=""&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Eighteen workers filed suit for to recover minimum wages, overtime pay and misappropriated tips, under the FLSA and New York state wage and hour laws on behalf of a class of workers.&lt;span style=""&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;Judge Richard J. Sullivan of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, approved a &lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/uploads/file/NYSD.pdf"&gt;$1 million settlement&lt;/a&gt; between the parties.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Current and former employees of Baluchi&amp;rsquo;s will receive a portion of the $1 million settlement based on their position, weekly wage, hours worked per week, and number of weeks worked. &lt;span style=""&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;Individual compensation will also depend on whether an employee is classified as a &amp;ldquo;Front of the House Plaintiff&amp;rdquo; who traditionally received tips while working, such as a waiter or delivery person, or a &amp;ldquo;Back of the House Plaintiff,&amp;rdquo; who traditionally did not receive tips, such as a cook or a dishwasher. &lt;span style=""&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
According to Forbes, restaurant jobs are among the &lt;a href="http://www.forbes.com/2007/06/04/jobs-careers-compensation-lead-careers-cx_pm_0604jobs.html"&gt;lowest paying jobs&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="color: red;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;in America. Furthermore, low-wage workers in the restaurant industry are often subjected to illegal pay practices.&lt;span style=""&gt;&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;For more information on working conditions affecting New York restaurant workers read &lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/uploads/file/Behinddoor.pdf"&gt;&lt;em&gt;Behind the Kitchen Door: Pervasive Inequality in New York's Thriving Restaurant Industry&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; published by the &lt;a href="http://www.rocny.org/"&gt;Restaurant Opportunities Center of New York&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/7vQKJPy9xEY" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/7vQKJPy9xEY/</link>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2011/02/articles/restaurant-workers-1/baluchis-indian-food-to-pay-1-million-to-workers/</guid>
         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Minimum Wage</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Overtime Violations</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Restaurant Workers</category>
         <pubDate>Tue, 08 Feb 2011 16:52:00 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>J.C. Solomon</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2011/02/articles/restaurant-workers-1/baluchis-indian-food-to-pay-1-million-to-workers/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>Sam Kane Meat Processing Workers Seek Wages</title>
         <description>&lt;p&gt;Judge Hayden Head of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas granted class status to a group of current and former employees of &lt;a href="http://www.samkanebeef.com/"&gt;Sam Kane Beef Processors Inc.&lt;/a&gt;&amp;nbsp;Judge Head ordered that notice should be sent to all hourly wage earners involved in production, processing, packing and cleaning activities during the three years prior to August 10, 2007.&amp;nbsp;The workers who filed the lawsuit claim that they spend up to 2 hours a day engaging in unpaid work activities, including dressing and undressing, waiting in security lines and sanitizing equipment.&amp;nbsp;Sam Kane Beef Processors argues that all of its employees were already paid for the disputed time. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Supreme Court, in &lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/IBP v Alvarez(2).pdf"&gt;IBP v Alvarez&lt;/a&gt;, determined that meat processing workers must be paid for time spent donning and doffing protective or safety gear and equipment.&amp;nbsp;In Alvarez, the Supreme Court also decided that under the continuous workday rule employees must be paid for all walking and waiting time occurring after donning but before doffing the required gear and equipment.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
Workers in meat processing and poultry plants have sued employers throughout the country.&amp;nbsp;Tyson Foods in particular has faced many lawsuits regarding its alleged illegal pay practices.&amp;nbsp;In 2007 the Third Circuit Court of Appeals decided that Tyson must pay its poultry workers for donning and doffing their safety gear.&amp;nbsp;Pay practices at Tyson&amp;rsquo;s Goodlettsville, TN meat processing facility have been challenged in a lawsuit joined by over 600 workers.&amp;nbsp;That case is scheduled for trial in August 2008.&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/kwxuS3U8loc" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/kwxuS3U8loc/</link>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2008/03/articles/meat-and-poultry-workers/sam-kane-meat-processing-workers-seek-wages/</guid>
         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Meat and Poultry Workers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Overtime Violations</category>
         <pubDate>Fri, 07 Mar 2008 14:18:45 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>Charles Yezbak</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2008/03/articles/meat-and-poultry-workers/sam-kane-meat-processing-workers-seek-wages/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>Restaurant Wait Staff Gets Stiffed</title>
         <description>&lt;p&gt;A Coral Gables restaurant agreed to pay $53,324 in back wages to 27 employees following a Department of Labor investigation.&amp;nbsp;Cafe Vialetto in Coral Gables, FL agreed to pay its employees after federal investigators determined the restaurant did not pay wait staff for hours worked before and after their shifts, violating minimum wage laws.&amp;nbsp;The DOL also found that the restaurant violated the overtime pay and record keeping requirements of the Fair Labor Standards Act. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Minimum wage and overtime pay violations are very common in the restaurant industry.&amp;nbsp;Illegal pay practices are so common in the industry that many restaurant workers assume that the practices must be legal.&amp;nbsp;Exploitation of restaurant workers is particularly troubling because their wages are among the nations lowest.&amp;nbsp;Restaurant jobs meager wages make them some of the worst paying jobs in America.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/sww68RlX1E4" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/sww68RlX1E4/</link>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/12/articles/restaurant-workers-1/restaurant-wait-staff-gets-stiffed/</guid>
         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Cafe Vialetto</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">FLSA</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Minimum Wage</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Overtime Pay</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Overtime Violations</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Restaurant Workers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">back wages</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">department of labor investigation</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">overtime</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">servers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">wait staff</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">waiters</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">waitress</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">worst paying jobs</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">worst paying jobs in America</category>
         <pubDate>Fri, 07 Dec 2007 14:36:08 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>Charles Yezbak</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/12/articles/restaurant-workers-1/restaurant-wait-staff-gets-stiffed/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>18 Tyson Overtime Lawsuit Consolidated</title>
         <description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;font size="2"&gt;The U.S. Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation ordered that pre-trial proceedings in 18 wage and hour lawsuits against Tyson Foods Inc. be consolidated.&amp;nbsp;Tyson workers in Arkansas, Alabama, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma and Texas filed lawsuits for unpaid overtime wages.&amp;nbsp;In 2005, the &lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/IBP v Alvarez(1).pdf"&gt;U.S. Supreme Court ruled&lt;/a&gt; that Tyson-owned IBP, Inc. violated the FLSA by failing to pay workers in South Dakota for the time they spent donning and doffing required sanitary and protective gear and equipment, as well as associated waiting and walking time.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;font size="2"&gt;In September 2007, the &lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/De Asencio Decision(1).pdf"&gt;Third Circuit Court of Appeals&lt;/a&gt; determined that donning and doffing required gear and equipment by Tyson workers constituted work as a matter of law.&amp;nbsp;Still, Tyson chooses to not pay many workers for time spent changing into or out of protective clothing, waiting in lines to retrieve the clothing or perform production work, or walking from the locker rooms to their work stations. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
The Arkansas Democrat-Gazette reports that: &amp;ldquo;Robert Camp of The Cochran Firm in Birmingham, Ala., who represents more than 1,000 clients in a suit against Tyson, said it could work to the plaintiffs' advantage also to all be heard in one court.&amp;rdquo;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/UL5pz_9nLPA" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/UL5pz_9nLPA/</link>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/09/articles/overtime-violations/18-tyson-overtime-lawsuit-consolidated/</guid>
         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/">Articles</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">FLSA</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">IBP</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">IBP v Alvarez</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Meat Processing Industry</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Meat and Poultry Workers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Minimum Wage</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Overtime Pay</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Overtime Violations</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Poultry Processing</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Tyson Foods</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">donning and doffing</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">poultry workers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">wage and hour</category>
         <pubDate>Tue, 11 Sep 2007 20:42:22 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>Charles Yezbak</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/09/articles/overtime-violations/18-tyson-overtime-lawsuit-consolidated/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>Tyson Poultry Workers Win Appeal</title>
         <description>&lt;p&gt;On September 6, 2007, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit held that workers at Tyson Foods, Inc.&amp;rsquo;s poultry processing plant in New Holland, Pennsylvania engaged in work under the FLSA by donning and doffing required sanitary and safety gear.&amp;nbsp; In the case, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/De Asencio Decision.pdf"&gt;De Asencio v. Tyson Foods, Inc.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt; the Third Circuit court&amp;nbsp;relied upon&amp;nbsp;a 2005&amp;nbsp;U.S. Supreme Court decision, &lt;em&gt;&lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/IBP v Alvarez.pdf"&gt;IBP v. Alvarez&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/em&gt;, which held that the FLSA required Tyson to pay its meat processing workers for similar donning and doffing work and all related waiting and walking time.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Yesterday&amp;rsquo;s ruling by the Third Circuit is an important victory for meat and poultry processing workers.&amp;nbsp;The court held that the worker&amp;rsquo;s donning and doffing activities constitute work as a matter of law.&amp;nbsp;Tyson and other employers in the meat and poultry processing industry choose not to pay workers for time spent putting on, taking off, and collecting required safety gear and equipment.&amp;nbsp;After the Supreme Court&amp;rsquo;s decision in &lt;em&gt;Alvarez&lt;/em&gt; it is clear that workers must be paid for this kind of donning and doffing.&amp;nbsp;Hopefully, this latest courtroom defeat will finally end Tyson&amp;rsquo;s steadfast refusal to pay its workers for all hours worked.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
The U.S. Department of Labor should be commended for its work on behalf of the unpaid workers.&amp;nbsp;DOL lawyers involved in the appeal include: &lt;a href="http://www.dol.gov/_sec/aboutosec/bio-radzely.htm"&gt;Howard M. Radzely&lt;/a&gt;, Solicitor of Labor; Steven J. Mandel, Associate Solicitor of Labor; Paul L. Frieden, Counsel for Appellate Litigation.&amp;nbsp;Joanna Hull argued on behalf of the DOL.&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/by-b__VNiUk" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/by-b__VNiUk/</link>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/09/articles/overtime-violations/tyson-poultry-workers-win-appeal/</guid>
         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">IBP v Alvarez</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Meat Processing Industry</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Meat and Poultry Workers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Minimum Wage</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Overtime Pay</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Overtime Violations</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Tyson</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Tyson Foods</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">donning and doffing</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">poultry workers</category>
         <pubDate>Fri, 07 Sep 2007 18:23:43 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>Charles Yezbak</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/09/articles/overtime-violations/tyson-poultry-workers-win-appeal/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>Restaurant and Service Workers Top Worst Paying Job List</title>
         <description>&lt;a href="http://www.forbes.com/2007/06/04/jobs-careers-compensation-lead-careers-cx_pm_0604jobs.html"&gt;Forbes ranks the 25 best and worst paying jobs in America.&lt;/a&gt; The ranking is based upon the U.S. Government&amp;rsquo;s National, State and Metropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates using 2006 data. Not surprisingly the restaurant and other service workers dominate the worst paying jobs list. Medical professionals hold 13 of the 15 top spots.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The worst paying job classification in America is &amp;ldquo;combined food preparation and service workers, including fast food.&amp;rdquo; The mean annual wages for such workers was $15,930.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The complete list of worst paying job classifications are: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ol&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;combined food preparation and service workers, including fast food &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;fast food cooks &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;dishwashers &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge and coffee shop &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;gaming dealers &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;shampooers &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;waiters and waitresses &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;amusement and recreation attendants &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;farm workers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;cashiers &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;personal and home care aides &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;parking lot attendants &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;pressers, textile, garment, and related materials &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;food preparation workers &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;bartenders &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;graders and sorters, agricultural products &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;maids and housekeeping cleaners &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;cooks, short order &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;child care workers &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;laundry and dry-cleaning workers &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;service station attendants &lt;/li&gt;
    &lt;li&gt;Service station attendants, the best of the worst, had a mean annual wage of $19,150. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/1mWEUNPjFLo" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
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         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Minimum Wage</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Overtime Violations</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Restaurant Workers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">bartenders</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">best paying jobs</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">cashiers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">child care workers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">cooks</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">dishwashers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">farm workers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">hostesses</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">hosts</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">laborers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">maids</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">personal and home care aides</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">service workers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">waiters</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">waitresses</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">worst paying jobs</category>
         <pubDate>Fri, 22 Jun 2007 19:00:19 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>Charles Yezbak</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/06/articles/minimum-wage-1/restaurant-and-service-workers-top-worst-paying-job-list/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>Minimum Wage Rate Increased</title>
         <description>&lt;p&gt;On May 23, 2007, Congress passed a bill increasing the &lt;a href="http://www.laborlawcenter.com/federal-minimum-wage.asp"&gt;minimum wage&lt;/a&gt; to $7.25 over the next two years.&amp;nbsp;The raise in the minimum wage was part of a $120 billion war-spending bill, which dealt mostly with funding the Iraq war and was signed by President Bush on May 25.&amp;nbsp;This is the first raise in the federal minimum wage since 1997 when the minimum wage reached its current rate of $5.15/hour.&amp;nbsp;State and local governments can require that higher wages be paid to employees within their boundaries.&amp;nbsp;The federal law covers almost all employees.&amp;nbsp;This increase will affect wage earners who currently make less than $7.25 per hour.&amp;nbsp;The first wage increase to $5.85 per hour will take effect in this summer.&amp;nbsp;In the summer of 2008 the minimum wage will increase to $6.55 per hour.&amp;nbsp;The new rate of $7.25 per hour will not be required until summer of 2009. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/ppMWfBLItR0" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/ppMWfBLItR0/</link>
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         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Minimum Wage</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Minimum wage increase</category>
         <pubDate>Thu, 31 May 2007 19:34:49 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>Charles Yezbak</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/05/articles/minimum-wage-1/minimum-wage-rate-increased/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>Koch Foods Agrees to Pay Unpaid Overtime Wages to Poultry Workers</title>
         <description>A poultry plant in Mississippi agreed to pay 174 workers $326,971 after an investigation by the &lt;a href="http://www.dol.gov/esa/media/press/whd/whdpressVB2.asp?pressdoc=atlanta/2007241.xml"&gt;DOL&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;Koch Foods, the company that owns and operates the plant, did not pay its employees the required overtime premium (time and a half) for all hours worked over 40 in a workweek.&amp;nbsp;The company also neglected to pay some employees drive time for transporting crews to work sites in violation of federal law.&amp;nbsp;Lawsuits and Department of Labor enforcement actions aimed at illegal pay practices in the &lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/04/wage-and-hour-library/common-violations-in-specific-industries/meat-processing-facilities/"&gt;meat and poultry processing industries&lt;/a&gt; are quite common.&amp;nbsp;Typically, these claims relate to the failure to pay for all hours worked by the employees.&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/NlbluwXcEEU" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/NlbluwXcEEU/</link>
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         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Koch Foods</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Meat Processing Industry</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Overtime Pay</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Overtime Violations</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Poultry</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Poultry Processing</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">off the clock</category>
         <pubDate>Thu, 31 May 2007 18:47:45 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>Charles Yezbak</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/05/articles/overtime-violations/koch-foods-agrees-to-pay-unpaid-overtime-wages-to-poultry-workers/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>Servers and Other Restaurant Workers Are Getting Short Changed</title>
         <description>&lt;p&gt;Minimum wage and overtime violations are rampant throughout the restaurant industry.&amp;nbsp;These violations affect servers, bartenders, bus persons, hosts and hostesses, and kitchen staff.&amp;nbsp;FLSA minimum wage and overtime violations in the restaurant industry are particularly disturbing because of the low wages earned by most restaurant workers.&amp;nbsp;The U.S. Department of Labor&amp;rsquo;s Bureau of Labor Statistics reports median hourly earnings (as of May 2004) for restaurant workers: &lt;a href="http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos161.htm"&gt;fast-food cooks earn $7.07 per hour&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href="http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos162.htm"&gt;waiters and waitresses (including tips) earn 6.75 per hour&lt;/a&gt;; &lt;a href="http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos162.htm"&gt;bartenders (including tips) earn $7.42 per hour&lt;/a&gt;; and &lt;a href="http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos162.htm"&gt;hosts and hostesses earn $7.52 per hour&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The scope of violations in the restaurant industry is evident by reviewing the U.S. Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division&amp;rsquo;s enforcement record over the past several years.&amp;nbsp; Many restaurants across the country, particularly smaller ethnic restaurant chains, have been subject to DOL enforcement actions.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dol.gov/esa/media/press/whd/whdpressVB2.asp?pressdoc=atlanta/20042313.xml"&gt;Las Palmas Mexican Restaurants&lt;/a&gt;, for example, agreed to pay $130,698 in back overtime wages to 85 employees who worked at three restaurants in Nashville, Tennessee.&amp;nbsp; The Wage and Hour Division&amp;rsquo;s investigation revealed that servers, busboys, hostesses and kitchen staff had not been properly paid under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA).&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dol.gov/esa/media/press/whd/whdpressVB2.asp?pressdoc=dallas/200735.xml"&gt;La Tapatia Mexican Caf&amp;eacute; y Cantina&lt;/a&gt; in Houston has paid $109,708 in back pay after an investigation by the U.S. Department of Labor&amp;rsquo;s Wage and Hour Division found 217 current and former servers and cooks had not been properly paid.&amp;nbsp; According to the Wage and Hour Division the company violated the minimum wage and overtime provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), by paying servers straight time for all hours worked and also by failing to pay overtime to non-exempt cooks. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;A Federal Court in Minnesota ordered &lt;a href="http://www.dol.gov/esa/media/press/whd/whdpressVB2.asp?pressdoc=chicago/2007188.xml"&gt;El Mariachi restaurants&lt;/a&gt; in Fairmont and Austin, Minnesota to pay 21 workers $39,931 in unpaid overtime compensation, minimum wages and liquidated damages.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In Indiana, &lt;a href="http://www.dol.gov/esa/media/press/whd/whdpressVB2.asp?pressdoc=chicago/2006237.xml"&gt;245 restaurant workers&lt;/a&gt;, including cooks, servers and bus persons recovered $350,041 because of the DOL&amp;rsquo;s efforts.&amp;nbsp; The workers were employed in 11 different restaurants throughout Indiana.&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Another&amp;nbsp;dozen Indian&amp;nbsp;workers, kitchen workers at &lt;a href="http://www.dol.gov/esa/media/press/whd/whdpressVB2.asp?pressdoc=chicago/20062109.xml"&gt;Mexico City Grill&lt;/a&gt;, in Indianapolis and Mi Casa Mexican Restaurant in Greenfield, Indiana were ordered to receive $10,000 in unpaid overtime wages. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In Austin, Texas eight kitchen staff employees recovered $51,347 in back wages from &lt;a href="http://www.dol.gov/esa/media/press/whd/whdpressVB2.asp?pressdoc=dallas/2006392.xml"&gt;The New Mandarin Chinese Restaurant&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dol.gov/esa/media/press/whd/whdpressVB2.asp?pressdoc=dallas/2006533.xml"&gt;Asian Super Buffet La. Inc.&lt;/a&gt; in Kenner, Louisiana violated the FLSA by including tips, meals and lodging as part of the wait staff&amp;rsquo;s compensation for hours worked, resulting in employee wages below the federal minimum wage. The company also failed to properly compensate employees for overtime hours and to maintain required records.&amp;nbsp;As a result, Asian Super Buffet agreed to pay $77,218 in back wages to 26 current and former kitchen workers and wait staff.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dol.gov/esa/media/press/whd/whdpressVB2.asp?pressdoc=kansascity/2006683.xml"&gt;El Nopal Mexican Restaurant&lt;/a&gt; paid back wages totaling $95,800 due to 15 employees of the Valley Park, Missouri restaurant following an investigation by the U.S. Department of Labor&amp;rsquo;s (DOL) Wage and Hour Division.&amp;nbsp;According to the investigation, the work force consisted of primarily low-wage Hispanic workers employed as servers and cooks.&amp;nbsp; Restaurant officials were found in violation of the minimum wage, overtime and record-keeping provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA). Approximately $68,000 of the total was due from the minimum-wage provision violations, and the remaining $27,000 involved unpaid overtime compensation.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dol.gov/esa/media/press/whd/whdpressVB2.asp?pressdoc=newyork/20050837.xml"&gt;San Pietro Restaurant&lt;/a&gt;, an Italian eatery located in Midtown Manhattan, paid 45 employees a total of $102,216 in overtime back wages.&amp;nbsp;According to a U.S. Department of Labor investigation, the restaurant improperly paid cooks, waiters and bus boys among others.&amp;nbsp;The investigation found that many employees worked more than 40 hours a week without receiving overtime pay.&amp;nbsp;Investigators determined that employees worked an average of 52 hours per week.&amp;nbsp;Management officials of San Pietro Restaurant agreed to pay employees the back wages they were due and to come into full compliance with the FLSA in the future. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;While most of the DOL&amp;rsquo;s enforcement actions have targeted local restaurant chains.&amp;nbsp;National chains and franchises face similar issues.&amp;nbsp;In 2006, the DOL&lt;span&gt; filed a lawsuit against Barbeque Ventures LLC, Barbeque Ventures of Nebraska LLC and Old Market Ventures LLC, known as &lt;a href="http://www.dol.gov/esa/media/press/whd/whdpressVB2.asp?pressdoc=kansascity/20061836.xml"&gt;Famous Dave&amp;rsquo;s&lt;/a&gt;, to collect $92,516 in back wages due 25 employees. The department alleged that the employees (kitchen workers and servers) at all five Famous Dave&amp;rsquo;s locations in Omaha and Bellevue, Nebraska, and Council Bluffs, Iowa were not paid overtime.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In Nashville a restaurant worker at two Sbarro Restaurants, operated by franchisee F &amp;amp; S Foods, Inc., filed a federal lawsuit claiming that he and his co-workers were not properly paid for overtime hours and were required to work off the clock without compensation.&amp;nbsp;The employer told the Court that it had compensated its employees for unpaid overtime and agreed to the entry of an &lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/014 - Offer of Judgment -D-2-5-07.pdf"&gt;$11,000 judgment&lt;/a&gt; in favor of the one employee who filed the lawsuit.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/_WqMVbBzINE" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/_WqMVbBzINE/</link>
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         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Asian Super Buffet</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Bureau of Labor Statistics</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">DOL</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">El Mariachi</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">El Nopal Mexican Restaurant</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">F &amp; S Foods</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">FLSA</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Famous Dave's</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">La Tapatia Mexican Cafe</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Las Palmas Mexican Restaurant</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Mexico City Grill</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Minimum Wage</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Overtime Violations</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Restaurant Workers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">San Pietro Restaurant</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Sbarro</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">The New Mandarin Chinese Restuarant</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Wage and Hour Division</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Wage and Hour Division enforcement actions</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">back pay</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">backpay</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">bartenders</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">bus boys</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">bus persons</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">bussers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">cooks</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">enforcement actions</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">hostesses</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">hosts</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">low wage workers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">restaurant industry</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">restaurant industry violations</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">servers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">unpaid wages</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">wages</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">waiters</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">waitresses</category>
         <pubDate>Thu, 26 Apr 2007 06:01:44 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>Charles Yezbak</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/04/articles/overtime-violations/servers-and-other-restaurant-workers-are-getting-short-changed/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>Arkansas Workers Sue Tyson for Overtime Violations</title>
         <description>&lt;p&gt;Employees from Tyson Foods, Inc.&amp;nbsp;poultry processing plants in Arkansas filed a lawsuit against Tyson for overtime pay violations (&lt;em&gt;Adams, et al. v. Tyson Foods, Inc.&lt;/em&gt;, U.S. District Court, Western District of Arkansas).&amp;nbsp;The lawsuit claims that Tyson violated the FLSA by failing to pay its employees for the time spent donning and doffing required gear and equipment, as well as time spent walking, waiting, and performing other job duties &amp;ldquo;off the clock.&amp;rdquo;&amp;nbsp;Tyson&amp;nbsp;is facing lawsuits throughout the U.S. for alleged FLSA overtime pay violations at its chicken processing and &lt;a href="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/04/wage-and-hour-library/common-violations-in-specific-industries/meat-processing-facilities/"&gt;meat processing facilities&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Tyson&amp;nbsp;and others in the&amp;nbsp;poultry and meat processing industries have longstanding differences with workers and&amp;nbsp;the U.S. Department of Labor over industry pay&amp;nbsp;practices.&amp;nbsp; These differences appeared to be finally resolved&amp;nbsp;when&amp;nbsp;the&amp;nbsp;U.S. Supreme Court ruled in favor of workers&amp;nbsp;in Alvarez v. IBP.&amp;nbsp; Still IBP (now Tyson) and other employers refuse to pay workers for time spent donning and doffing required gear and equipment.&amp;nbsp; According to the &lt;a href="http://www.dol.gov/esa/whd/FieldBulletins/AdvisoryMemo2006_2.pdf "&gt;Department of Labor&lt;/a&gt; workers should be paid for this time.&amp;nbsp; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/nKQu6vdb-MM" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/nKQu6vdb-MM/</link>
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         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Meat and Poultry Workers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Overtime Violations</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Tyson Foods</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">donning and doffing</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">off the clock</category>
         <pubDate>Wed, 25 Apr 2007 19:02:54 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>Charles Yezbak</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/04/articles/overtime-violations/arkansas-workers-sue-tyson-for-overtime-violations/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>Timeshare Salespeople Are Entitled to Overtime Pay</title>
         <description>&lt;p&gt;The U.S. Department of Labor recently published a &lt;a href="http://www.dol.gov/esa/whd/opinion/FLSA/2007/2007_01_25_04_FLSA.htm"&gt;formal opinion letter&lt;/a&gt; stating that timeshare salespeople are not exempt from the FLSA&amp;rsquo;s wage and hour provisions under the &amp;ldquo;outside sales&amp;rdquo; exemption.&amp;nbsp; Timeshare salespeople&amp;rsquo;s primary duties are to sell timeshare condominiums at resorts typically found in&amp;nbsp;exotic locals and tourist destinations throughout the United States, including Florida, Hawaii, Puerto Rico and even Gatlinburg and Nashville, Tennessee.&amp;nbsp; Consumers who purchase time shares&amp;nbsp;buy a share of the condo (i.e. certain weeks of the year) rather than pay for the entire dwelling.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
Timeshare salespeople typically earn commissions on the timeshares they sell.&amp;nbsp;The DOL&amp;rsquo;s opinion letter underscores the legal requirement that &amp;ldquo;outside salespeople&amp;rdquo; must be employed away from the employer&amp;rsquo;s place of business.&amp;nbsp;The typical timeshare salesperson, however, works on location at the employer&amp;rsquo;s resort, which is the employer&amp;rsquo;s place of business.&amp;nbsp;As such, timeshare salespeople are not exempt under the outside sales exemption and should receive overtime wages as provided by the FLSA (unless another exemption applies).&amp;nbsp;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/WayT5ED7AG4" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/WayT5ED7AG4/</link>
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         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Outside Salespeople</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Overtime Violations</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">opinion letter</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">outside sales</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">timeshare sales</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">timeshare salespeople</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">timeshares</category>
         <pubDate>Tue, 24 Apr 2007 12:21:12 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>Charles Yezbak</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/04/articles/overtime-violations/timeshare-salespeople-are-entitled-to-overtime-pay/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>Wal-Mart Violates Overtime Laws; Settles With DOL</title>
         <description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dol.gov/opa/media/press/esa/ESA20070110.htm"&gt;Wal-Mart&lt;/a&gt; recently settled a case with the U.S. Department of Labor involving violations of the FLSA&amp;rsquo;s overtime provisions for $33 million.&amp;nbsp; The case involved 87,000 salaried and hourly employees who were not paid at the proper overtime rates.&amp;nbsp; The retail giant improperly calculated overtime payments by failing to include bonus&amp;nbsp;payments into the employees pay rate when calculating overtime premium.&amp;nbsp; The agreement also addresses payment of overtime to certain non-exempt salaried interns, manager trainees, and programmer trainees.&amp;nbsp; While&amp;nbsp;violations of this nature are common, Steven Mandel, an&amp;nbsp;associate solicitor at&amp;nbsp;the Department of Labor,&amp;nbsp;said &amp;quot;these are serious violations.&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Wal-Mart, facing approximately 70 lawsuits for wage and hour violations throughout the country, reported these violations to the Department of Labor and then settled with the DOL.&amp;nbsp; A spokesman for &lt;a href="http://www.wakeupwalmart.com/"&gt;Wake-Up Wal-Mart&lt;/a&gt;, Chris Kofinis, criticized&amp;nbsp;the agreement stating, &amp;quot;How do you negotiate a deal on behalf of workers when workers aren't included in the negotiations.&amp;quot;&amp;nbsp; The employees had no independent legal representation in the settlement process.&amp;nbsp; As a result, Wal-Mart&amp;nbsp;was likely able to settle the case for less than their actual liability.&amp;nbsp; Wal-Mart also avoided assessment of fines or penalties.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/6ke30B34EsE" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/6ke30B34EsE/</link>
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         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Department of Labor</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Overtime Violations</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Wake-Up Wal-Mart</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Wal-Mart</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Wal-Mart settlement</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">wage and hour</category>
         <pubDate>Wed, 18 Apr 2007 16:27:06 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>Charles Yezbak</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/04/articles/overtime-violations/walmart-violates-overtime-laws-settles-with-dol/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>Prince Faisal and the Underpaid Security Guards</title>
         <description>&lt;p&gt;Five security guards hired to protect Prince Faisal bin Turki bin Nasser Al-Saud (a diplomat and a member of the Saudi royal family) at his McLean Virginia home are entitled to overtime pay according to a U.S. Appeals Court.&amp;nbsp; The security guards filed a lawsuit because they were paid only straight time without any overtime premium for hours over 40 in a workweek.&amp;nbsp; The &lt;a href="http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/data2/circs/4th/051192p.pdf"&gt;court ruled&lt;/a&gt; that the security guards were joint employees of the Prince and Capital International Security, Inc. and that CIS was required to pay them&amp;nbsp;overtime.&amp;nbsp; &lt;span&gt;CIS had argued that the guards were independent contractors, who are outside the protection of the FLSA.&amp;nbsp; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/u7WpwfRpUWE" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/u7WpwfRpUWE/</link>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/04/articles/overtime-violations/prince-faisal-and-the-underpaid-security-guards/</guid>
         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Capital International Security</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Overtime Violations</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Prince Faisal</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Saudi Royal Family</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">joint employers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">joint employment</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">overtime premium</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">security guards</category>
         <pubDate>Mon, 16 Apr 2007 19:41:28 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>Charles Yezbak</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/04/articles/overtime-violations/prince-faisal-and-the-underpaid-security-guards/</feedburner:origLink></item>
            <item>
         <title>Meat Processing Facilities</title>
         <description>Meat processing facilities frequently fail to comply with the FLSA.&amp;nbsp; Typically, employers fail to pay employees for the time spent donning (putting on) and doffing (taking off) required sanitation gear and personal protective equipment.&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Employers in the meat processing industry must capture and pay employees for all time spent donning and doffing required sanitary/safety gear and equipment.&amp;nbsp; These employers must also pay for all the related walking and waiting time as well as other related duties (such as sharpening knives or sanitizing equipment).&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Employers in this industry also frequently fail to pay their employees for production work, and donning and doffing, performed during their meal periods.&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~4/nd05mRzS1Qk" height="1" width="1"/&gt;</description>
         <link>http://feeds.lexblog.com/~r/WageAndHourLawBlog/~3/nd05mRzS1Qk/</link>
         <guid isPermaLink="false">http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/04/wage-and-hour-library/common-violations-in-specific/meat-processing-facilities/</guid>
         <category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/wage-and-hour-library">Common Violations in Specific Industries</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">FLSA</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/articles">Meat and Poultry Workers</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">Poultry</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">donning and doffing</category><category domain="http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/tags">meat processing</category>
         <pubDate>Fri, 06 Apr 2007 14:52:30 -0500</pubDate>
         <dc:creator>LexBlog</dc:creator>
      
      <feedburner:origLink>http://wageandhour.yezbaklaw.com/2007/04/wage-and-hour-library/common-violations-in-specific/meat-processing-facilities/</feedburner:origLink></item>
      
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